Euripides

Euripides set out, as Plato was to do, to show the world the opposite of the "irrational" poet;

欧里庇德斯企图对世人指出这种“不知不觉的”诗人之对立面，正象柏拉图曾经指出那样；

The death struggle of tragedy had been fought by Euripides, while the later art is known as the New Attic comedy.

欧里庇德斯亲身经历过悲剧的垂死挣扎之苦。这种后起的艺术叫做阿提刻新喜剧。

All the same, Euripides thought he noticed chat during those early scenes the spectators were in a peculiar state of unrest

然而，欧里庇德斯仍然认为，他看出：观众在头几场中，尤其焦急要解答剧情的前因后果，

Try as he may to comfort us with his recantation, Euripides fails.

现在，欧里庇德斯妄想以他的后悔来安慰我们，他没有成功。

Whom the gods destroy, they first make mad. ( Euripides)

上帝要谁覆灭，必先让他猖狂。（欧里比德斯）

Euripides would never have endorsed Sophocles' statement about Aeschylus--that this poet was doing the right thing, but unconsciously;

索福克勒斯曾谓埃斯库罗斯做了正确的事，虽则是无意为之，但是欧里庇德斯当然不会持此见解。

Euripides: Fine. So what do we need, about a thousand workstations?

好。那我们差不多要一千台工作站吧？

One of the two spectators I just spoke of was Euripides himself,

这两个观众之一，就是欧里庇德斯自己。

In this context we can understand the passionate fondness of the writers of the new comedy for Euripides.

从这种渊源关系，不难理解，为甚么新喜剧的诗人们对欧里庇德斯抱着这样热情的倾慕。

FOREMAN: You thought he was being poisoned by hemlock? Dr. Euripides tell you to check for that?

你曾认为那是芹叶钩吻毒？欧里庇得斯让你去检查的么？

Helen by Euripides& What a man should Be

欧里庇得斯笔下的海伦&人应该有的样子

one might say that Euripides succeeded in transporting the spectator onto the stage.

那末，我们只须指出：欧里庇德斯把观众带上舞台。

Euripides' View on War

欧里庇得斯战争观管窥

But what relationship can be said to obtain between such an ideal Apollinian drama and the plays of Euripides?

那么，欧里庇德斯的戏曲对梦境戏曲的理想之关系是怎样呢？

The truth of the matter is that no Greek artist ever treated his audience with greater audacity and self sufficiency than Euripides;

其实，再没有一个希腊艺术家，象欧里庇德斯那样，以孤傲和自负来对待他的观众了；

We can hardly go wrong then in calling Euripides the poet of aesthetic Socratism.

因此，我们不妨认为，欧里庇德斯是审美苏格拉底主义的诗人。

the thinker Euripides, not the poet.

是思想家欧里庇德斯，而非诗人欧里庇德斯。

Athena and Euripides don't complete their work until the dialogue's close.

指导对话结束，雅典娜和欧利比的司才算完成了他们的工作。

The fact that the aims of Socrates and Euripides were closely allied did not escape the attention of their contemporaries.

苏格拉底同欧里庇德斯的倾向有密切关系，当时古代人也曾注意及此。

Let us now look more closely at the Socratic tendency by means of which Euripides fought and conquered Aeschylean tragedy.

现在，让我们进一步考察这种苏格拉底倾向。欧里庇德斯就是以它为武器来斗争，而战胜埃斯库罗斯的悲剧的。

Many great ancient writers, including Plato, Aristotle, Euripides, Cicero, Seneca and others had this false belief.

古希腊罗马的许多作家，包括柏拉图、亚里士多德、欧里庇德斯、西塞罗、塞内加等都对此深入不疑。

Euripides sat in the theater pondering, a troubled spectator.

所以，他坐在剧场里，忐忑不安的思索；

Comparison between Iphigenia's Images by Goethe and the One by Euripides

歌德和欧里庇得斯笔下的伊菲革涅亚形象比较

Nothing could be more at odds with our dramaturgic notions than the prologue in the drama of Euripides.

再没有甚么比欧里庇德斯的悲剧序幕更违反今日的舞台技巧了。

But Euripides reasoned quite otherwise.

然而，欧里庇德斯却完全从另一角度来考虑。

Who neglects learning in his youth, loses the past and is dead for the future& Euripides, Greek philosopher.

年轻时忽视学习之人，失掉了过去也埋葬了未来&欧里彼得斯，希腊哲学家。

Meanwhile choirmaster Euripides was the object of fulsome praise;

然而，歌队长欧里庇德斯还是不断博得称誉；

On the Differences in Creation Between Sophocles and Euripides& Take the Same Name "Electra" as an Example

论索福克勒斯和欧里庇得斯创作之不同&以同名剧《埃勒克特拉》为例

and one might then be tempted to praise Euripides' radical tendency to establish a proper relationship between art work and audience as an advance upon Sophocles.

也会使人贸贸然赞扬欧里庇德斯这一急进的倾向，认为他建立了艺术作品对观众的正确关系，比索福克勒斯向前迈进一步。

When I said earlier that Euripides had brought the spectator on the stage in order to enable him to judge the play,

我们在上文说过，欧里庇德斯曾把观众带上舞台，同时使观众确实有能力评判戏剧；