closed system

Conventional stabilizing controllers for the nonholonomic systems stabilize the closed loop system to a target point.

传统的关于非完整系统的镇定控制器都是使得闭环系统被镇定到一个目标点。

Traditionally, population dynamics studies a closed system in which environmental factors are dealt with simply, making it difficult to understand its mechanism in ecology.

在传统上，种群动力学主要研究环境因子简单处理的封闭系统，在生态学机制理解上存在缺陷。

The life raft was buoyed up by two airtight oil drums. The mixture of hydrogenated oils is pumped into the closed system and the fat solidifies on small refrigerated cylinders.

那只救生筏是由两只密封的油筒浮起来的。把混合的氢化油抽压进密封式系统，油脂便在小的冷冻滚筒上结晶。

A measure of the disorder or unavailability of energy within a closed system. More entropy means less energy available for doing work.

一个封闭系统中无序度或不可用能量的量度，更多的熵意味着更少的可作功能量。

Sometimes a system may be a closed system at one moment andopen one the next.

系统可能在某时刻为封闭系统,在下一时刻却为开放系统.

Solution's Structure of a Type of Ordinary Differential Equation System with Closed Right Boundary Conditions

一类常微分方程组在封闭右边界条件下解的结构

The kinetics of polymerization of propylene over supported hyperactive catalyst in an open system and a closed system has been studied.

在开放和密闭体系中，使用载体高效催化剂，研究了丙烯聚合动力学。

The equilibrium pH value of water in closed karst system is higher than that in open system under the same other conditions, whereas the equilibrium [ Ca~ ( 2+)] and [ HCO~-_3] are lower in closed system.

与开放系统相比，在其它条件相同情况下，封闭系统的平衡pH值较高，而平衡[Ca2+]和平衡[HCO-3]较低，特别是在低CO2分压时，两者的差异更明显；

Then the reciprocal of temperature is expanding concomitant variable, and the reciprocal temperature and the differential of momentum carry on contraction. We concluded that covariance scalar equation of thermodynamics law covariant of closed system in P-E theory frame, in essence, it is energy conservation equation.

接下来把温度倒数扩展为协变量，并把倒温度与动量微分进行组合，得到在P-E温缩理论框架下的封闭系统热力学定律协变式的标量方程，本质上的能量守恒方程。

By means of the mechanical method of two sets of closed system of force and elasticized closed sub-system of force, a test on enlarging tonnage capability of the high frequency tensile and compression fatigue testing machine has been evaluated.

本文利用二套封闭力系及子封闭力系弹性化的机械方法，在小吨位高频拉、压疲劳试验机上首次完成了超吨位试验的技术签定。

Filters and B ensure that no rinse waters go to drain giving a closed system.

过滤系统通过密闭系统保证水不流失.

at the same time the natural scientist, the physicist, insists on a closed system, on there being physical causes, physical explanations in principle, for the physical events.

但是，自然科学家（物理学家）坚持封闭的系统，坚持物理事件要用物理的原因来解释。

The closed system of bomb plus water bath has a constant volume and is thermally insulated.

放射性物质容器弹和水槽组成的封闭体系具有恒定体积,而且是绝热的.

By means of the internal closed system of forces in a system of bodies a method is developed for designing the testing jigs for tensile and compression fatigue test on bolts so that the tonnage capability of the testing machine can be enlarged.

本文利用物体系统弹性内封闭力系的原理，提出了设计螺栓拉、压疲劳试验夹具的方法，从而扩大了拉、压疲劳试验机的吨位。

For automatic venting of a closed system to atmosphere when a vacuum is created.

适用于当封闭系统出现真空现象时,自动与大气接通.

System characteristic: The overall system the closed system which composes for the pump motor.

系统特点: 整个系统为泵马达组成的闭式系统.

NOTE: Containment via closed system is considered a separate facility.

备注: 经过密闭系统的污染被视为是单独的设施.

So a closed system would be, for instance, a glass of ice water with an ice cube in it, with the lid on top.

因此闭系可以是，比如说，一杯放了，一个冰块的冰水，顶上加了盖子。

In a closed system consisting of water containing dissolved matter,( in equilibrium with the vapor), the dissolved matter distributes itself quantitatively between the vapor and the water.

在一个由含溶解物（且与蒸汽相平衡）的水组成的封闭的系统中，溶解物会在蒸汽与水中自行分配其数量。

Based on the principles of physical chemistry, a formula is established for quantitatively calculating formation fluid pressure after tectonic uplifting and erosion in a closed system.

根据物理化学原理，建立了完全封闭条件下构造抬升剥蚀后地层流体压力的定量计算公式。

With the tensional process in the crust being more and more accumulated, the closed system turns to be an open one and sulphophile ore-forming elements decreased while lithophile ore-forming elements ( Ti, Fe, V and P) deposited in large quantity.

随着地壳引张作用加剧，从封闭环境转为开放系统，亲硫成矿元素衰退，大量亲氧元素沉淀（Ti、Fe、V、P）。

The Cohen's formula about computing the eigenvalue of the closed system matrix of "linear" discrete event dynamic systems over max-algebra is proved by the method which is different from Karp's one.

用了与Karp不同的方法，证明了Cohen关于计算线性离散事件动态系统的闭环系统矩阵在极大代数意义下的特征值的公式。

Solution of Thermodynamic Energy under Balanced State of Thermodynamics in Mono-phase Closed System

单相闭系统热力学平衡态下热力学能的求解

The materials used , shape, arrangement and functions of the closed system are described in detail.

文中还对密闭系统的材料 、 形状 、 放置及作用作了具体描述.

An on line learning algorithm based on the error gradient descent method is proposed. the stability of closed loop system is proved in Lyapunov ′ s sense.

为此提出一种基于对角递归神经网络的非线性噪声有源自适应控制方法，并给出一种基于误差梯度下降的在线学习算法，同时证明了闭环控制系统在Lyapunov意义下的稳定性。

Closed system pressure buildup precautions installed.

关闭已安装的系统压力累计预防装置.

Level 1 is an independent system. To achieve better dynamic and static characteristics closed-loop control is preferred.

第一级是独立的系统，为使其达到较好的动态和静态特性，必须采用闭环控制方式。

Afterwards, owing to class oppression and ethnic oppression and the Hui people safeguarding the development of their own culture, their marriage was carried out in a relatively closed system of endogamy.

经过开放式族际通婚阶段之后，由于阶级压迫、民族压迫等外部原因，也由于维护自身文化的发展等内部原因，回族进入了族内通婚阶段。

Based on thermal simulation data of gold tube experiment in the closed system and combined with the specfic Kinetics Software, the parameters of hydrocarbon generation kinetics from Mesozoic source rocks in the Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin were studied.

根据封闭体系黄金管热模拟实验结果，应用Kinetics专用软件，研究了塔里木盆地库车坳陷中生界不同类型烃源岩的生烃特征与动力学参数。

Induced Oscillation of Man Vehicle Closed System of FBW Aircraft

电传飞机人机闭环系统的诱发振荡