non-equilibrium phase

The mean field method is the main method to study the non-equilibrium phase transition.

通常研究非平衡相变的方法是平均场方法。

The Yang-Lee theory of equilibrium phase transitions is generalized to study the non-equilibrium phase transitions of an urn model for the separation of sand and the quantum phase transitions of one-dimensional anisotropic XY quantum spin chain in a transverse field.

本文将李&杨平衡相变理论推广于研究沙粒分离的urn模型非平衡相变和一维横场各向异性XY模型量子相变。

The foundation of this theory can be considered as composed of five branches: the basis of thermodynamics, the deterministic description of spatiotemporal structures ( including wave phenomena), deterministic chaos, the fluctuation triggering non-equilibrium phase transition and the transition induced by external noise.

这一理论的基础可以看作是由五部分组成的：热力学基础，时空结构（包括波动）的确定性描述，确定性混沌，触发非平衡相变的涨落以及外噪声诱导相变。