surface runoff

Normal or traditional flow meters mainly applied to pressured pipes at present, and yet tipping bucket and self-recording flow meters mainly applied to monitoring ground and surface runoff which were none-pressured, low water head or small flow rate.

目前传统的容积式流量计主要应用于有压管道情况，而翻斗式自记流量计主要应用于各种无压、低水头、小流量的地表和地下径流的监测。

Compared with naked land, forests and grasses could reduce surface runoff 63 % ~89 % sod soil loss 69 % ~94 %.

与裸地相比, 林地和草地对地表径流的控制率达到63%~89%,对土壤流失的控制率达到69%~94%.

In the end the influencing factors and the occurrences of drought disaster are compared and analysed, for example, precipitation, temperature, the El Ninon year, SOI, sunspots, surface runoff low season.

简要对比分析了陕西干旱灾害的影响因子，如降水及气温、厄尔尼诺事件、南方涛动指数、太阳黑子、地表径流等与陕西干旱的关系。

The results showed that compared with the treatment with no litter coverage, the surface runoff velocity was reduced by 57.50%~ 72.27% when the litter coverage varies from 0.0 to 25.0 t · hm~ (-2).

hm-2增加到25.0t.hm-2时，地表径流流速与无枯落物覆盖相比减小了57.50%~72.27%；

For the loose and compact surface treatments, the net sediment delivery ( S) caused by up-slope runoff accounts for the total sediment delivery Sft at down-slope 72.4 to 92.7% and 45.5 to 83.7%, separately.

对于疏松土和紧实土处理，上方来水引起坡下方的净侵蚀产沙量S分别占总侵蚀产沙量S（ft）的72.4%-92.7%和45.5%-83.7%。

Dividing out four drainage basins, and on the basis of the achievement of three water changes, applying runoff coefficient formula from ShanDong water conservancy's academy and USLE, respectively counting and assessment in average surface runoff average supply to groundwater and average soil erosion;

划分出四个小流域，根据三水转化研究成果，采用山东省水科院变径流系数经验公式法和美国通用水土流失方程，分别对该地多年平均地表径流、地下水补给和水土流失进行计算评价；

Surface runoff was measured by an automatic gauge and a thin triangle weir vertically installed at the outlet of the watershed. The relationships among preferential flow, infiltrated flow and surface runoff were analyzed.

在小流域出口处设置90°薄壁三角堰和水位计记录了地表径流过程，分析了优先流和渗流、地表径流之间的关系。

The surface runoff output is 9.4% of the average annual rainfall.

以地表径流形式输出该系统的水量占年均降雨量的9.4%。

On one hand, rural life and agricultural production are faced with serious water shortage; on the other hand, heavy soil erosion leads to the lost of runoff on surface of the ground a lot in this area.

一方面，农村生活及农业生产严重缺水，另一方面，强烈的水土流失又使得大量地表径流流失。

It was found that transportation fluxes of nitrogen in surface runoff from upland and vegetable plot were higher than that from chestnut orchard and bamboo forest which have significantly related to surface runoff volume.

旱地和菜地的氮素迁移通量大于板栗林和竹林，径流量是导致迁移通量存在显著差异的主导因素。

The Effects of Soil and Water Conservation on Temporal Change of the Surface Runoff in Watersheds

水土保持对小流域地表径流时间特征变化的影响

Slope length is one of the important geomorphologic factors affecting the surface runoff and sediment yield.

坡长是影响坡面径流和水流侵蚀产沙的重要地貌因素之一。

Rain splash erosion, loss of topsoil from slope and bottom of farm furrow resulted in the entrance of N and P into surface runoff.

农田氮磷通过降雨击溅侵蚀、排水沟坡面和沟底冲刷进入地表径流。

Being scattered the agricultural fields , the ponds intercept surface runoff and recycle drainage water for irrigation.

六岔河流域的多数降雨径流被水塘系统截留,减少流域径流输出;在连续流过程中, 流域径流峰值急剧降低.

Impacts of Climate Change on Surface Runoff in Manas River Basin

玛纳斯河流域气候变化对径流变化的影响

Soil Mineral Nitrogen Loss in Surface Runoff and Sediment as Affected by Slope Gradient on Loess Slope

坡度对坡面土壤矿质氮素水蚀流失负荷的影响

The relationships among preferential flow, infiltrated flow and surface runoff were analyzed.

结果表明,在同等降雨条件下,优先流晚于渗流出现, 早于渗流停止.

Cultivation of slope farmland influences surface runoff and sediment movement on slopes.

摘要坡耕地由于人为耕作管理作用,造成地表高低起伏,影响著坡面地表径流和产沙.

Concrete step of greenbelt planning of golf course based on GIS is focused in this paper. The processes of land suitability evaluation analyzing, terrain and physiognomy analyzing and surface runoff simulation demonstration are detailedly introduced.

介绍了基于GIS的高尔夫球场绿地规划的具体步骤，并详细介绍了土地适宜性分析、地形地貌分析、地表径流模拟演示等模型的建立过程。

Changes of Phosphorus Loss of Surface Runoff from Yellow Soil in Hilly Areas by Terrace Cropping

黄壤旱坡地梯化对土壤磷素流失的影响

Determination of lead contents in water of urban road surface runoff

城市路面径流雨水铅含量的测定

Stripping the land in these ways allows faster surface runoff and exacerbates flooding.

这些做法终将使土地裸露、地表径流加快,从而加重了洪水的威胁.

Analysis on Yellow River Surface Runoff Consumption

黄河流域地表水耗损分析

Storm water samples collected from an urban road in Xi ′ an City show that the urban road surface runoff has much greater pollution intensity of SS and COD and possess less biodegradability.

对西安市南二环路雨天路面径流排水进行了连续取样监测，表明城市道路路面径流污染物SS和COD具有很高的污染强度，且生物可降解性较差。

Surface water sources can be contaminated through runoff ( drainage), atmospheric deposition, and, on a local level, by leaching of lead from game shot or fishing sinkers.

地表水源可以通过排水、大气沉积而被污染，局部地区地表水源的铅水平可能是由于打猎子弹或钓鱼铅锤中的铅溶出造成的。

Into the 60s, the beginning of the technology used to treat industrial waste water, river water, surface runoff and sewage.

进入60年代，该技术开始用于处理工业污水、江河水、地面径流和生活污水，目前已经在世界范围内得到广泛研究和应用。

The study of nonirrigated farmland nitrogen and phosphorus loss with surface runoff in Shanghai

上海旱地农田氮磷随地表径流流失研究

Nitrogen output and transportation observation was conducted in surface runoff plots of different purple soil farmlands.

研究表明:紫色土早坡地非点源氮输出以无机氮和颗粒态为主,全氮输出量不高.

A study on surface runoff of different types of vegetation in Guangxi Autonomous Region

广西不同植被类型地表径流的研究

The quantities of soil phosphorus loss can be effectively received through long-term observation for soil surface runoff concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus ( DRP) and bioavailable phosphorus ( BAP).

通过观测地表径流中溶解态反应磷（DRP）、生物可利用磷（BAP）可以监测土壤磷素流失程度。