vertical crack

Research conclusions: ( 1) The horizontal crack on the web plate of longitudinal beam is caused by damage by hard matter and the bottom vertical crack on the web plate in end section of longitudinal beam is caused by fatigue.

研究结论（1）纵梁腹板水平裂纹系被硬物划伤所致，纵梁端截面处的腹板下部竖向裂纹是疲劳引起的。

After the crack initiating, it propagates along the vertical direction of the tensile stress axial line.

裂纹萌生后主要沿着与拉应力轴垂直的方向扩展.

Under the vertical and horizontal force action the connections of frame on bi-direction compression enhanced joint stiffness and increase crack resistance in the core areas; by the theoretical derivation we get the anti-cracking checking formula of the pre-stressed prefabricated concrete frame joints.

在竖向和水平力的作用下，框架节点处于双向受压状态，节点刚度和核芯区抗裂性得到增强，理论推导出预压装配式框架节点的抗裂验算公式。

In this paper we have discussed the influence on the crack opening displacement of structure having reinforced bars in pure concreted material vertical crack.

为此，分析了在素混凝土材料的基体内垂直于裂缝的不同位置配置钢筋对构件裂缝开口位移的影响。

Both lateral and vertical location of the crack tip in the specimen can be measured rapidly and accurately with this techinque, which contribute to precise locating and sizing of defect.

利用该技术能快速、准确地捕捉裂纹端部在试件中的横向和深度位置，实现缺陷的精确定位与定量。

Both the vertical crack propagation in the concrete and horizontal interfacial shear crack propagation are considered in the proposed model. Results show that there are two peak values of the applied load during the loading stage. Then the calculated two peak values are verified with experimental results.

分析结果表明，加载过程中荷载出现两个峰值，且两峰值的计算结果得到了试验验证。

Test results of the spring's fatigue strength, crack resisting limit, sealing performance, vertical and lateral stiffnesses, and measurements of the vertical stiffness of the air spring device are given.

给出了空气弹簧疲劳、破裂极限压力、气密性能、垂直刚度、横向刚度特性试验结果及空气弹簧装置垂直刚度测试结果。